罗成一生都英勇善战 却遭到了暗算 只活了20几岁
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Nnamdi Azikiwe | |
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.jpg) ??? ????(1963?) | |
| ?????? ?1? ??? | |
| ?? | 1963? 10? 1?~1966? 1? 16? |
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??: ?? ??????(?2?)
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| ??? | 1904? 11? 16? |
| ??? | ?? ????? ??? ???? ??? |
| ??? | 1996? 5? 11?(91?) |
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| ?? | ???? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ??? |
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| ??? | ??? ????(1936?~1983?) ?? ????[1] ??? ??? ???[2] |
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??? ??? ????(??: Nnamdi Benjamin Azikiwe, 1904? 11? 16?~1996? 5? 11?)? 1963??? 1966??? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?????.[3] ??? ????? ???? ?? "????? ????? ???"? ???? ???.[4][5]
??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ?? ?? ??? ????? ???(??? ?? ???).[6] ????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???(??? ??)?? ??? ????, ???? ?? ???? ???.[7] ???? ???? ?? ????? ??? ???, ??? ?? ? ?? ?? ????? ??? ??? ???, 3?? ??? ???? ???.[8]
????? ? ????(??: Ben Azikiwe)?? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???, ???? ???, ?????? ???, ??? ???? ???. ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??? ????.[9] ?? 1934? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ????.[10] ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ????.[11][12]
?? ??
[??]????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??(NYM)?? ???? ???. 1941? ?? ??? ????? NYM? ??? ?? ???? ?????, NYM ?????? ???? ???? ????.[13]
????? ??? ??? ???? ???-??? ???? ???? ????? ???? NYM?? ????. ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?????.[14] ?? 1944? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ???(NCNC)? ?? ????? ??? ????. ????? 1946?? ??? ????? ???.[15]
???? ? ??
[??]????? 1960? 11? 16?, ??? ???, ????? ??? ???? ??? ???, ?? ???? ??? ? ??????? ???.[16] 1963? ?????? ???? ??? ?, ?? ????? ??? ??????. ? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??????.[17]
?? ?? ?? ???? 1966? ????? ???? ???? ?????, ?? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??????. ????? ????? ????? 1967??? 1970??? ???? ?? ?? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ????.[18] ?? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ?????, ???? ???? ?? ????? ??? ?? ?? ????. 《?? ???》? ?? ??? ?? "???? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???"? ???.[19]
??? ?? ? 1972??? 1976??? ??? ???? ??? ???. 1978? ????? ???? ???? 1979?? 1983? ??? ??? ?????? ?????. 1983? ????? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ???.
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[??]????? 1996? 5? 11?, ???? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?? ? ?? 91?? ??? ?????, ?? ??? ???? ???.[20]
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[??]- ↑ Nuhu Musa, Jamila. “Flora Azikiwe: Nigeria' maiden First Lady at a glance”. 《Peoples Daily》. 2015? 10? 17?? ?? ???? ??? ??. 2015? 7? 15?? ???.
- ↑ Adebanwi, Wale (January 2021). “Burying "Zik of Africa": The Politics of Death and Cultural Crisis”. 《Comparative Studies in Society and History》 (??) 63 (1): 41–71. doi:10.1017/S0010417520000377. ISSN 0010-4175.
- ↑ “Dr. Azikiwe To Be First President”. 《The Times》 (London, England). 1963? 9? 17?. 8? – The Times Digital Archive ??.
- ↑ “On this day in 1904 Dr. Benjamin Nnamdi Azikiwe, was born in Zungeru, Niger State, North-Central Nigeria”. 《Jay FM》 (?? ??). 2017? 11? 16?. 2020? 8? 5?? ?? ???? ??? ??. 2020? 5? 29?? ???.
- ↑ Crowcroft, Barnaby (2020), Kumarasingham, H., ??., “The Radical Nationalist as Constitutional Head of State: Nigeria, 1960–66”, 《Viceregalism: The Crown as Head of State in Political Crises in the Postwar Commonwealth》, Cambridge Imperial and Post-Colonial Studies Series (??) (Cham: Springer International Publishing), 179–202?, doi:10.1007/978-3-030-46283-3_7, ISBN 978-3-030-46283-3, S2CID 226564363
- ↑ Omotola, Balogun (2017? 12? 11?). “BIOGRAPHY OF DR. BENJAMIN NNAMDI AZIKIWE.”. 《Diamond Boat Consult》 (??). 2020? 5? 29?? ???.
- ↑ “Meet the First Black Man to Rule Nigeria after Queen Elizabeth, He was of Igbo Origin | opera news”. 《opera.news》. 2020? 5? 29?? ???.
- ↑ “Nnamdi Azikiwe”. 《The Times》 (London, England). 1996? 5? 14?. 19? – The Times Digital Archive ??.
- ↑ Flint, John E. (1999). “'Managing nationalism': The colonial office and Nnamdi Azikiwe, 1932–43”. 《The Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History》 27 (2): 143–158. doi:10.1080/03086539908583061.
- ↑ “Nnamdi Azikiwe | president of Nigeria | Britannica”. 《www.britannica.com》 (??). 2022? 3? 26?? ???.
- ↑ 35.
- ↑ “Azikiwe fights for Africa”. 《New York Amsterdam News》. 1950? 1? 7? – ProQuest ??.
- ↑ Sklar, Richard L. (2004). 《Nigerian Political Parties: Power in an Emergent African Nation》. Africa World Press. 53–54?. ISBN 978-1-59221-209-5.
- ↑ Sklar, Richard L. (2004). 《Nigerian Political Parties: Power in an Emergent African Nation》. Africa World Press. 53–54?. ISBN 978-1-59221-209-5.
- ↑ Sklar, Richard L. (2004). 《Nigerian Political Parties: Power in an Emergent African Nation》. Africa World Press. 57–58?. ISBN 978-1-59221-209-5.
- ↑ 《Nigeria Year Book 1962》. Daily Times. 1962. 112?.
- ↑ Nigeria's Forgotten Heroes: Nnamdi Azikiwe – "Father of the Nation" (Part 2).
- ↑ Omotola, Balogun (2017? 12? 11?). “BIOGRAPHY OF DR. BENJAMIN NNAMDI AZIKIWE.”. 《Diamond Boat Consult》 (??). 2020? 5? 30?? ???.
- ↑ French, Howard W. (1996? 5? 14?). “Nnamdi Azikiwe, the First President of Nigeria, Dies at 91”. 《The New York Times》. 2018? 11? 8?? ???.
- ↑ “Victor Umeh weeps at Zik's Grave”. 《The Sun》. 30 October 2014. 5 January 2015? ?? ???? ??? ??.
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